Joseph Stalin was a son of the peasantry. His mother Ekaterina led a religious life full of drudgery as a washerwoman. Vissarion, his father, was a drunkard who worked as a shoecutter. As such, Joseph could not afford what the sons of wealthier parents could. Like Hitler, he was faulted at school by authority figures, in this case at a seminary. Consequently, his hatred grew for the school administration, the affluent middle class, and everything that was feudal.
After the revolution occurred, a state apparatus formed devoting itself to proletarian liberation. Yet, the high ideals of Marx and Trotsky were quickly subverted. Where Lenin erred was in his faith that after an interim period of a dictatorship of the masses, there would be a peaceful change to self-regulating work-democracy. However, in place of the dictatorship of the proletariat was borne a state-capitalistic machine that Stalin grew out of. Stalin betrayed the original high ideals of the revolution and kept the machine for his own sadistic endeavours. He surely kept some of the old Bolsheviks around as propaganda. Stalin, however, was the classic authoritarian character who gains pleasure from hurting others. This was evident in how he would sadistically tell victims they were safe, only to then have them killed. Joseph Stalin was also known to have had the family members of foes jailed and tortured.
Much attention has been given to the authoritarian character. Now we shall shift to introspection of mass culture and the automation of alienated labour. It is important to understand how masses end up clinging to authority figures such as dictators. By not seeing weakness as virtue, massive numbers of individuals can easily become circumscribed into the infernal aura of fascistic nationalism. From The Mass Psychology of Fascism, Wilhelm Reich made many observations on the relationship of the automaton to the fuhrer.
The reactionary lower middle-class man perceives himself in the
fuhrer, in the authoritarian state. On the basis of this identification
he feels himself to be a defender of the `national heritage', of the
`nation', which does not prevent him, likewise on the basis of this
identification, from simultaneously despising `the masses' and con-
fronting them as an individual. The wretchedness of his material
and sexual situation is so overshadowed by the exalting idea of
belonging to a master race and having a brilliant fuhrer that, as time
goes on, he ceases to realize how completely he has sunk to a
position of insignificant blind allegiance. (14)
In fascistic societies there is a cleavage between the actual economic situation and ideology. The economic crisis in Germany, for example, should have led to a revival in revolutionary thinking among the masses. However, as the economy had pushed intellectual thinking to the left, fascist exploitation manipulated large masses of the population toward reactionary vigour. Reich acknowledges this form of mass deception has some of its roots in the mysticism of family, church, and nation. Reich's mission was to uncover the irrational, social psychological structure of the masses which allows for tyrants to take such absolute power.
According to Wilhelm Reich, a crucial social factor in the formation of fascism is sexual repression and how it suppresses people in such a way as to make them act in ways contrary to their real interests. Here are Reich's summary of the facts:
* Mankind is biologically sick.
* Politics is the irrational social expression of this sickness.
* Whatever takes place in social life is actively or passively,
voluntarily or involuntary, determined by the structure of
masses of people.
* This character structure is formed by socioeconomic processes
and it anchors and perpetuates these processes. Man's biopathic
character structure is, as it were, the fossilization of the
authoritarian process of history. It is the biophysical reproduction
of mass suppression.
* The human structure is animated by the contradiction between
an intense longing for and fear of freedom.
* The fear of freedom of masses of people is expressed in the
biophysical rigidity of the organism and the inflexibility of
the character.
* Every form of social leadership is merely the social expression
of the one or the other side of this structure of masses of people.
* It is not a question of the Versailles Peace Treaty, the oil wells of
Baku or two to three hundred years of capitalism, but a question
of four to six thousand years of authoritarian mechanistic civil-
isation, which has ruined man's biological functioning.
* Interest in money and power is a substitute for unfulfilled
happiness in love, supported by the biological rigidity of
masses of people.
* The suppression of the natural sexuality of children and
adolescents serves to mold the human structure in such a
way that masses of people become willing upholders and
reproducers of mechanistic authoritarian civilisation.
* Thousands of years of human suppression are in the
process of being eliminated. (15)
I must interject at this point. One of my professors at the time was very impressed with this work. The grading is much different in Europe. This one scored me the grade right below perfection. Anyway, this guy said that Reich was a genius, but that he had this other stuff that was way out there and not considered by academics as fruitful. It's like when donkeytale was referring to Freud and Marx getting too much of a bad rap for things they had nothing to do with nobody. Reich's analysis fits right in with what the other thinkers also observed. The world is not groovy, man, and that sucks. It's not copacetic.
It doesn't escape my sense of irony that Reich spoke of an orgone power. That is something some crazy "chemtrail people" have pushed. I looked into chemtrails a long time ago. Folks know that, if they are aware of my early, blogging schtick years. It's like with McCain and Stranahan talking a lot of trash about Critical Theory. That's another mind-blowing coincidence. Though those kind of things are ultimately insignificant, I must say in an Ed Grimley sort of way.
In Reichian terms, to define freedom is to define our sexual health. If people do not partake in healthy, organic ways, freedom will become a hollow myth utilised to perpetuate authoritarian leadership. The fear of natural sexuality found in the irrational character type has led to a general disintegration of positive societal ties. The one-dimensionality of modern times has left people rigid, complacent, and pitifully malleable by outside negative forces. Reich felt that a solution can only be attained once historic biological repression has been reversed. That is, only when the people's orgastic longings are put back on the organic plane will humankind begin to heal.
(this is probably coming off as intellectual soft-porn by donkeytale. but i digress and have rudely interrupted this instant classic.)
Reich claimed to have discovered orgone energy. He described it as the primordial cosmic energy which when choked, orgastic impotence is the result. It follows its own natural rhythms, and as such according to Reich, one attuned to its magical and erotic pulsations can be said to be enlightened, at one with the cosmos (or tao), and in a state of perpetual peace. This does not imply that those attuned to it will become unburdened. By allowing self-growth through natural work-democracy, each person begins a natural progression towards knowledge, love, and an increased capacity to help others. In short, a world march toward organic and natural life-styles would instantaneously change the course so far taken. Sexuality would no longer be distorted, but would demolish the repressive socialisation process of delayed gratification and rigidity.
In the benediction to his book Reich says that,
Love, work, and knowledge are the well springs
of our life. They should also govern it. (16)
Natural work-democracy is the solution. It is not based on any specific politician or fake guru who directs others on how to live. It entails that every single one of us be more critical of society in order to escape its conformist, dogmatic claws and then recreate it anew. It emphasises the development of every person's core-self in contrast to the continuance of relationships based on domination. This does not imply that one retreat and whither away, but that each person has the responsibility to check the flow of their own natural processes. To live, love, and work with a concreteness and meaning derivative from the core-self and core-Eros can only accelerate a world-wide movement toward universal Eros and shield us from divisive human experience once and for all.
next up: the exciting conclusion to this recycled mess of a long ago written seminar paper with some more quotes from Marcuse and Fromm, along with the footnotes and bibliography for those wondering wtf.
This blog is dedicated to the memory of David Weintraub, who took on insidious astroturfers and won.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Tuesday, March 25, 2014
Fascism or Freedom? (part 3)
Hitler is one example of the sadistic, nonsexual necrophiliac. Having possessed no core self, he was a man who continually rejected all the demands of reality. To make up for his inferiority complex borne out of being undisciplined, he sought to control those around him. History shows that Hitler was undisciplined and lacked a sense of responsibility. He was a high school dropout, an art school reject whose sketches appeared lifeless and pedantic, and for a while a tramp living on the fringes of society. It was during that latter period when Hitler came across street propaganda slanted towards German Nationalism, `National Socialism', racism, and antisemitism. In 1919, he joined the Socialist Worker's Party which at the time had about fifty members. He would eventually rename the party the National Socialist German Worker's Party.
Hitler soon enough was leading a powerful fascist party which dispensed with a reactionary nationalism based on vengeance and his faith in the superiority of the Aryan blood. In his eyes it was the Jews who were poisoning the German state. They were the killers of Christ and along with the revolutionaries were responsible for the selling out of Germany with the Versailles Peace Treaty. On January 30, 1939, Hitler told the Czech Foreign Minister Chvalkovsky,
We are going to destroy the Jews. They are not going
to get away with what they did on Nov. 9, 1918. The
day of reckoning has come. (10)
But Hitler did not stop there. He also advocated for the destruction of all weak, including those with syphilis and tuberculosis. He even called for all the mentally ill to be put to death. From Mein Kampf Hitler said that,
Defective people must be prevented from propagating
equally defective offspring... for if necessary, the incurably
sick will be pitilessly segregated- a barbaric measure for the
unfortunate who is struck by it, but a blessing for his fellow-men
and posterity. (11)
Hitler would use the mythology of the superior Germany of the past to manipulate the mass culture. By hating not just Jews but all that is not German, he exploited the destructive ecstasy found in the masses. The greeting `Heil Hitler' and the swastika are two examples of mythological symbols Hitler utilised to harness power against weak, alienated individuals. However, Hitler's necrophilia would be his own worst enemy. He had been such a hater of the life-force and humanity, that as the war was waning he ordered Paris destroyed. This order was never carried out. Then in September 1944, Hitler declared the "Scorched Earth" decree, the destruction of Germany itself. As recollected by Albert Speer,
Everything, simply everything essential to the maintenance
of life would be destroyed; the ration card records, the files
of marriage and resident registries, the records of bank accounts.
In addition, food supplies were to be destroyed, farms burned
down and cattle killed. Not even those works of art that the
bombs had spared were to be preserved. Monuments, palaces,
castles and churches, theatres and opera houses were also to
be leveled. (12)
When the end finally dawned on Hitler of his failures, he ordered his own death along with the death of his dog. Against Adolph's orders Eva Braun also joined them in death. As regards to Eva, Hitler had not even admired or respected her. That she submitted to his authority explains why he had spent any time at all with her. Yet her allegiance to him still did not prevent Adolph from cruelly having her brother-in-law executed. However, before we can seal off Hitler as the `antichrist', it must be remembered that he was a human being. The important lesson of Hitler is that evil monsters don't have to look the part. Although with this example, some might argue that as fact. Potential Hitlers are everywhere. They are products of repressive social structures.
Comparatively speaking Hitler's parents were `normal'. Klara Hitler led a joyless life as a subservient housewife of an authoritarian husband. Alois Hitler was an imposing patriarchal character who often beat Adolph and chastised him for his failures at school. It is precisely this pathological `normalcy' in the adults that helped foster a sadistic goon in Adolph. To not see that `poisonous pedagogy' continues the vicious chain of violence between child and parent and child again is to miss the crucial point that Hitler types are found all throughout western civilisation; only they haven't been at the right place and the right time like Hitler was. No man is an island just as Hitler was no devil.
It can now be seen that the bureaucrat has in common with the sadist a submission to a reality outside oneself. In bureaucratic systems people look down on those below them while those above spit down on them. Because the sadist and the bureaucrat both lack a core self that `just is', he/she strives to control human beings. Nazism thus is the bureaucratic world gone violent.
An example of the bureaucratic Nazi is Heinrich Himmler. Himmler, the `bloodhound of Europe', was responsible for the structures that eliminated twenty million Jews, Russians, Poles, or in a word- humans. Himmler was the bureaucratic kind of guy who was also a dehumanised one. He may have looked like the insurance agent next door with his characteristics of being pedantic and precise. Yet, for those who submit to a pathological normalcy, restrictions on the development of the entire personality prevail.
A dry, pedantic life has a pathogenic character, as intensified joylessness breeds more impotence and resentment in the person. Himmler, along with Hitler, was on the lowest fringe of society. With increased power, they had the tools to commit mass destruction. But again, it must be pointed out as done by Marcuse, Miller, and Fromm that aggression is not innate but develops to the degree that repression and pain influences the child. When an individual cannot experience pain in its real context, but continues to relive it again and again via that repetitive compulsion, the result is bound to be chaotic and dangerous. As Erich Fromm explains succinctly in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness,
The malignant forms of aggression- sadism and necrophilia-
are not innate; hence, they can be substantially reduced
when the socioeconomic conditions are replaced by conditions
that are favorable to the full development of man's genuine
needs and capacities; to the development of human self-activity
and man's creative power as its own ends. Exploitation and
manipulation produce boredom and triviality; they cripple man,
and all factors that make man into a psychic cripple turn him also
into a sadist or a destroyer. (13)
next up in part four of five on the roots of fascism: we'll take a quick looksie at Joseph Stalin before delving into the mysterious mind of Wilhelm Reich.
Hitler soon enough was leading a powerful fascist party which dispensed with a reactionary nationalism based on vengeance and his faith in the superiority of the Aryan blood. In his eyes it was the Jews who were poisoning the German state. They were the killers of Christ and along with the revolutionaries were responsible for the selling out of Germany with the Versailles Peace Treaty. On January 30, 1939, Hitler told the Czech Foreign Minister Chvalkovsky,
We are going to destroy the Jews. They are not going
to get away with what they did on Nov. 9, 1918. The
day of reckoning has come. (10)
But Hitler did not stop there. He also advocated for the destruction of all weak, including those with syphilis and tuberculosis. He even called for all the mentally ill to be put to death. From Mein Kampf Hitler said that,
Defective people must be prevented from propagating
equally defective offspring... for if necessary, the incurably
sick will be pitilessly segregated- a barbaric measure for the
unfortunate who is struck by it, but a blessing for his fellow-men
and posterity. (11)
Hitler would use the mythology of the superior Germany of the past to manipulate the mass culture. By hating not just Jews but all that is not German, he exploited the destructive ecstasy found in the masses. The greeting `Heil Hitler' and the swastika are two examples of mythological symbols Hitler utilised to harness power against weak, alienated individuals. However, Hitler's necrophilia would be his own worst enemy. He had been such a hater of the life-force and humanity, that as the war was waning he ordered Paris destroyed. This order was never carried out. Then in September 1944, Hitler declared the "Scorched Earth" decree, the destruction of Germany itself. As recollected by Albert Speer,
Everything, simply everything essential to the maintenance
of life would be destroyed; the ration card records, the files
of marriage and resident registries, the records of bank accounts.
In addition, food supplies were to be destroyed, farms burned
down and cattle killed. Not even those works of art that the
bombs had spared were to be preserved. Monuments, palaces,
castles and churches, theatres and opera houses were also to
be leveled. (12)
When the end finally dawned on Hitler of his failures, he ordered his own death along with the death of his dog. Against Adolph's orders Eva Braun also joined them in death. As regards to Eva, Hitler had not even admired or respected her. That she submitted to his authority explains why he had spent any time at all with her. Yet her allegiance to him still did not prevent Adolph from cruelly having her brother-in-law executed. However, before we can seal off Hitler as the `antichrist', it must be remembered that he was a human being. The important lesson of Hitler is that evil monsters don't have to look the part. Although with this example, some might argue that as fact. Potential Hitlers are everywhere. They are products of repressive social structures.
Comparatively speaking Hitler's parents were `normal'. Klara Hitler led a joyless life as a subservient housewife of an authoritarian husband. Alois Hitler was an imposing patriarchal character who often beat Adolph and chastised him for his failures at school. It is precisely this pathological `normalcy' in the adults that helped foster a sadistic goon in Adolph. To not see that `poisonous pedagogy' continues the vicious chain of violence between child and parent and child again is to miss the crucial point that Hitler types are found all throughout western civilisation; only they haven't been at the right place and the right time like Hitler was. No man is an island just as Hitler was no devil.
It can now be seen that the bureaucrat has in common with the sadist a submission to a reality outside oneself. In bureaucratic systems people look down on those below them while those above spit down on them. Because the sadist and the bureaucrat both lack a core self that `just is', he/she strives to control human beings. Nazism thus is the bureaucratic world gone violent.
An example of the bureaucratic Nazi is Heinrich Himmler. Himmler, the `bloodhound of Europe', was responsible for the structures that eliminated twenty million Jews, Russians, Poles, or in a word- humans. Himmler was the bureaucratic kind of guy who was also a dehumanised one. He may have looked like the insurance agent next door with his characteristics of being pedantic and precise. Yet, for those who submit to a pathological normalcy, restrictions on the development of the entire personality prevail.
A dry, pedantic life has a pathogenic character, as intensified joylessness breeds more impotence and resentment in the person. Himmler, along with Hitler, was on the lowest fringe of society. With increased power, they had the tools to commit mass destruction. But again, it must be pointed out as done by Marcuse, Miller, and Fromm that aggression is not innate but develops to the degree that repression and pain influences the child. When an individual cannot experience pain in its real context, but continues to relive it again and again via that repetitive compulsion, the result is bound to be chaotic and dangerous. As Erich Fromm explains succinctly in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness,
The malignant forms of aggression- sadism and necrophilia-
are not innate; hence, they can be substantially reduced
when the socioeconomic conditions are replaced by conditions
that are favorable to the full development of man's genuine
needs and capacities; to the development of human self-activity
and man's creative power as its own ends. Exploitation and
manipulation produce boredom and triviality; they cripple man,
and all factors that make man into a psychic cripple turn him also
into a sadist or a destroyer. (13)
next up in part four of five on the roots of fascism: we'll take a quick looksie at Joseph Stalin before delving into the mysterious mind of Wilhelm Reich.
Friday, March 21, 2014
Fascism or Freedom? (part 2)
Why does tension exist between teacher and student? Why has `banking education' been the prime force in educational practices? To answer these questions one would want to uncover the origin of patriarchal trends in education. These are found in the family, for the family as an agent of society is the root of all history.
Alice Miller's conception of `poisonous pedagogy' helps us to expand on Freire's excursus on education to a general theory of pedagogy. If one is to speak of a teacher/student dichotomy, one must first speak of the parent/child relationship of inequality. According to Miller in Thou Shalt Not Be Aware, `poisonous pedagogy' refers:
... to that tradition of child-rearing which attempts to suppress all
vitality, creativity, and feeling in the child and maintain the autocratic,
godlike position of the parents at all costs. (4)
Simply put, Miller is saying that the needs of the parents replace the needs of the child. In ideal relationships, however, no one should be idealised nor should anybody's needs take precedent over any other person's needs. Yet many parents believe that children are innately, aggressive animals who need to be civilised. Hence, the source of the problem in the parent's eyes becomes the child's feelings. When a parent perceives such honest emotions as anger, jealousy, envy, and powerlessness as being subversive, the parent tries to get the child to rid her/himself of the emotion. Since Mommy and Daddy are always right according to `poisonous pedagogy', the child inevitably develops a core of self-hatred and self-doubt. The creative drive is inverted as the child is directed to be silent and watch television like a good kid.
Miller, in agreement with Freud on the valid influence that the past has on our present conciousness, nonetheless breaks with him on his theory of aggression. While Freudians would argue that children are born with innate, aggressive drives that need to be repressed for the good of society, Miller retorts that aggression is a product of repression motivated by fear. When a parent is confronted with such real emotions as fear, joy, and despair, these emotions are too strong for the parent to tolerate. Ways are then found by the parent to pacify the child without any regard for the harm being done to the child's creativity and self-growth.
The parent may believe that no harm has really been done to the child since he/she is very young and will forget about the event anyway. Yet, these events will haunt the child again and again via the repetitive regressive compulsion. Whenever this occurs, the individual will re-experience and re-enact the great traumatic events in the development of her/his self-growth and awareness.
To understand how Freud could have distorted his earlier discovery of the transforming consciousness, one needs to inspect carefully his starting points and how they led him to a patriarchal solution. At that point we would understand how Freud was a prisoner of his own borgeois morality and patriarchal values. Freud started with the id. As it is the oldest, most primitive, and fundamental self, the id aims for the satisfaction of its instinctual needs in accordance with the pleasure principle. In contrast to the pleasure principle is the reality principle. According to Freud, this latter principal acts for the advancement of society by repressing instinctual needs. His concept of sublimation refers to the suppression of some aggressive need to be transformed into a civilised solution. Freud believed that the child needed to fit into society and to do so must forgo of the pleasure principle.
Hence, the ego is to act as the mediator between the id and the outside world. It has the task of representing the external world to the id. The ego, by dethroning the pleasure principle, supposedly offers an individual so-called greater success and security. Subsequently, people act in one-dimensional ways according to the reality principle in the guise of `what is right action'. As with `poisonous pedagogy' the actions of so-called authorities become exemplified in contrast to the object person's actions. Finally, it is the superego which tightens the grips on the repressed self. By turning mind and body into instruments of alienated labour, those forces of the status quo churn out the propaganda of the performance principle.
Things that seem harmless such as shopping malls, radios, and microwave ovens when seen critically show their repressive nature. They are all part of a system based on mass cultural depravity. Instead of fighting their subordination to the productive process, many people carry on as if their lives were actually free and enlightened. By sublimating their pleasure drive they become geared to a rationality which is imposed on them from the outside. Yet, neither the alterations of society nor their desires are their own. Society, nation, and civilisation has organised them all. And this is enforced by both parents and educators.
Herbert Marcuse in Eros and Civilisation says,
In a repressive society, individual happiness and productive development
are in contradiction to society. If they are defined as values to be realised
within this society, they become themselves repressive. (5)
If the reality principle and `poisonous pedagogy' continue to guide Western civilisation, then interests of domination will prevail over the struggle for existence and repression will continue. However, if people could overcome their subordination to the productive process, then liberated instincts could finally reign over the aggressive ones. Repression and mutilated longings would die away as natural Eros would guide our actions. Instead, Eros is weakened as the growth of aggression lies inherent in the oppressive organisation of society.
It is precisely the frustration of that life instinct which results in the need to destroy. Irrationality becomes institutionalised resulting in alienated people working against one another. Labour no longer acts as a mean to self-realisation but limits the worker's `pleasure time' to four hours. Yet, in the end, the repressed, natural longings which no politician could cure and which have no limit as to time, shock the ego into rebellion. Without proper attention by good teachers or friends, such people tend to become increasingly paranoid and detached.
In speaking about the inter-connectedness of Eros and Thanatos and their relationship to destructiveness, Erich Fromm in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness says that,
The drive for life and the drive for destruction are not mutually
independent factors but are in reversed interdependence. The
more the drive towards life is thwarted, the stronger is the drive
towards destruction; the more life is realised, the less is the
strength of destructiveness. Destructiveness is the outcome of
unlived life. (6)
According to Fromm there are three sacred substances that the body may hold. The male body expresses itself through semen. The female body expresses itself through milk. The third fluid, which so happens to transcend biological sexuality, is blood. (7) Basically, the first two fluids mentioned are strongly associated with Eros, the life drive. They are the sensuous and positive highlights of a natural, sexual life.
However, if an individual has become fragmented by a sexually repressed patriarchal system, Eros will equally become disoriented. The Death Drive or Thanatos will strengthen and expand as a result. One manifestation of a repressed people will be the need to control, even to the extent of mutilating a person's life force, her/his blood. Whenever Thanatos dominates Eros to such an extent, necrophiliac tendencies can rise. According to Fromm,
Necrophilia in the characterological sense can be described as the
passionate attraction to all that is dead, decayed, putrid, sickly; it is
the passion to transform that which is alive into something unalive; to
destroy for the sake of destruction; the exclusive interest in all that is
purely mechanical. It is the passion `to tear apart living structures'. (8)
Two types of necrophilia exist. First, there is sexual necrophilia where men feel the need to have sexual relations with dead females. Cemetery attendants for centuries have been known to have committed such ghastly, perverted acts. Secondly, there is nonsexual necrophilia which Fromm defines as,
... the desire to handle, to be near to, and to gaze at corpses,
and particularly the desire to dismember them. (9)
When people have no core self, that is, when there is a great amount of regression-surplus from years of Eros-defeating events, two types of people may emerge. One is the masochistic automaton who finds relief in her/his weakness and insignificance through a blind submission to the strong father-figure like a fuhrer. The second type is much more dangerous. This type includes sadists and authoritarian characters who have an intense desire to control and hurt people. The core of sadism is to have control over that third sacred substance which is blood.
Yet, the sadist cannot kill everyone, as he needs the objects alive if he's to control them. Nonetheless, even though the sadist may have more power and brute authority over the automaton, he will always be dependent like the automaton on outside realities which have none to do with self-awareness and enlightenment. Thus, neither the automaton nor the sadist is free.
Next up in part three: Hitler
Alice Miller's conception of `poisonous pedagogy' helps us to expand on Freire's excursus on education to a general theory of pedagogy. If one is to speak of a teacher/student dichotomy, one must first speak of the parent/child relationship of inequality. According to Miller in Thou Shalt Not Be Aware, `poisonous pedagogy' refers:
... to that tradition of child-rearing which attempts to suppress all
vitality, creativity, and feeling in the child and maintain the autocratic,
godlike position of the parents at all costs. (4)
Simply put, Miller is saying that the needs of the parents replace the needs of the child. In ideal relationships, however, no one should be idealised nor should anybody's needs take precedent over any other person's needs. Yet many parents believe that children are innately, aggressive animals who need to be civilised. Hence, the source of the problem in the parent's eyes becomes the child's feelings. When a parent perceives such honest emotions as anger, jealousy, envy, and powerlessness as being subversive, the parent tries to get the child to rid her/himself of the emotion. Since Mommy and Daddy are always right according to `poisonous pedagogy', the child inevitably develops a core of self-hatred and self-doubt. The creative drive is inverted as the child is directed to be silent and watch television like a good kid.
Miller, in agreement with Freud on the valid influence that the past has on our present conciousness, nonetheless breaks with him on his theory of aggression. While Freudians would argue that children are born with innate, aggressive drives that need to be repressed for the good of society, Miller retorts that aggression is a product of repression motivated by fear. When a parent is confronted with such real emotions as fear, joy, and despair, these emotions are too strong for the parent to tolerate. Ways are then found by the parent to pacify the child without any regard for the harm being done to the child's creativity and self-growth.
The parent may believe that no harm has really been done to the child since he/she is very young and will forget about the event anyway. Yet, these events will haunt the child again and again via the repetitive regressive compulsion. Whenever this occurs, the individual will re-experience and re-enact the great traumatic events in the development of her/his self-growth and awareness.
To understand how Freud could have distorted his earlier discovery of the transforming consciousness, one needs to inspect carefully his starting points and how they led him to a patriarchal solution. At that point we would understand how Freud was a prisoner of his own borgeois morality and patriarchal values. Freud started with the id. As it is the oldest, most primitive, and fundamental self, the id aims for the satisfaction of its instinctual needs in accordance with the pleasure principle. In contrast to the pleasure principle is the reality principle. According to Freud, this latter principal acts for the advancement of society by repressing instinctual needs. His concept of sublimation refers to the suppression of some aggressive need to be transformed into a civilised solution. Freud believed that the child needed to fit into society and to do so must forgo of the pleasure principle.
Hence, the ego is to act as the mediator between the id and the outside world. It has the task of representing the external world to the id. The ego, by dethroning the pleasure principle, supposedly offers an individual so-called greater success and security. Subsequently, people act in one-dimensional ways according to the reality principle in the guise of `what is right action'. As with `poisonous pedagogy' the actions of so-called authorities become exemplified in contrast to the object person's actions. Finally, it is the superego which tightens the grips on the repressed self. By turning mind and body into instruments of alienated labour, those forces of the status quo churn out the propaganda of the performance principle.
Things that seem harmless such as shopping malls, radios, and microwave ovens when seen critically show their repressive nature. They are all part of a system based on mass cultural depravity. Instead of fighting their subordination to the productive process, many people carry on as if their lives were actually free and enlightened. By sublimating their pleasure drive they become geared to a rationality which is imposed on them from the outside. Yet, neither the alterations of society nor their desires are their own. Society, nation, and civilisation has organised them all. And this is enforced by both parents and educators.
Herbert Marcuse in Eros and Civilisation says,
In a repressive society, individual happiness and productive development
are in contradiction to society. If they are defined as values to be realised
within this society, they become themselves repressive. (5)
If the reality principle and `poisonous pedagogy' continue to guide Western civilisation, then interests of domination will prevail over the struggle for existence and repression will continue. However, if people could overcome their subordination to the productive process, then liberated instincts could finally reign over the aggressive ones. Repression and mutilated longings would die away as natural Eros would guide our actions. Instead, Eros is weakened as the growth of aggression lies inherent in the oppressive organisation of society.
It is precisely the frustration of that life instinct which results in the need to destroy. Irrationality becomes institutionalised resulting in alienated people working against one another. Labour no longer acts as a mean to self-realisation but limits the worker's `pleasure time' to four hours. Yet, in the end, the repressed, natural longings which no politician could cure and which have no limit as to time, shock the ego into rebellion. Without proper attention by good teachers or friends, such people tend to become increasingly paranoid and detached.
In speaking about the inter-connectedness of Eros and Thanatos and their relationship to destructiveness, Erich Fromm in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness says that,
The drive for life and the drive for destruction are not mutually
independent factors but are in reversed interdependence. The
more the drive towards life is thwarted, the stronger is the drive
towards destruction; the more life is realised, the less is the
strength of destructiveness. Destructiveness is the outcome of
unlived life. (6)
According to Fromm there are three sacred substances that the body may hold. The male body expresses itself through semen. The female body expresses itself through milk. The third fluid, which so happens to transcend biological sexuality, is blood. (7) Basically, the first two fluids mentioned are strongly associated with Eros, the life drive. They are the sensuous and positive highlights of a natural, sexual life.
However, if an individual has become fragmented by a sexually repressed patriarchal system, Eros will equally become disoriented. The Death Drive or Thanatos will strengthen and expand as a result. One manifestation of a repressed people will be the need to control, even to the extent of mutilating a person's life force, her/his blood. Whenever Thanatos dominates Eros to such an extent, necrophiliac tendencies can rise. According to Fromm,
Necrophilia in the characterological sense can be described as the
passionate attraction to all that is dead, decayed, putrid, sickly; it is
the passion to transform that which is alive into something unalive; to
destroy for the sake of destruction; the exclusive interest in all that is
purely mechanical. It is the passion `to tear apart living structures'. (8)
Two types of necrophilia exist. First, there is sexual necrophilia where men feel the need to have sexual relations with dead females. Cemetery attendants for centuries have been known to have committed such ghastly, perverted acts. Secondly, there is nonsexual necrophilia which Fromm defines as,
... the desire to handle, to be near to, and to gaze at corpses,
and particularly the desire to dismember them. (9)
When people have no core self, that is, when there is a great amount of regression-surplus from years of Eros-defeating events, two types of people may emerge. One is the masochistic automaton who finds relief in her/his weakness and insignificance through a blind submission to the strong father-figure like a fuhrer. The second type is much more dangerous. This type includes sadists and authoritarian characters who have an intense desire to control and hurt people. The core of sadism is to have control over that third sacred substance which is blood.
Yet, the sadist cannot kill everyone, as he needs the objects alive if he's to control them. Nonetheless, even though the sadist may have more power and brute authority over the automaton, he will always be dependent like the automaton on outside realities which have none to do with self-awareness and enlightenment. Thus, neither the automaton nor the sadist is free.
Next up in part three: Hitler
Thursday, March 20, 2014
Fascism or Freedom? (part 1)
Man is merely a cog in the vast machine of distribution
Erich Fromm
Fear of Freedom (1)
Preface
Humanity has reached a critical point in history in which the choice between a blind submission to the status quo or a turn towards a utopian future will be made. At question is the concept of self-regulation and how it could best be put to praxis. The issue is whether society can work together as one with each citizen acting as a subject rather than as an object. If self-growth continues to be subverted by the interests of the machine, then hatred will fester and love will die.
Some would like us to believe that fascism was a fluke that has run dry, that Hitler, Stalin, and the like were evil monsters who individually almost derailed the great progress of reason and civilisation. That fascism cannot be reduced to the antics of single men alludes to the fact that it is the psychology of the masses that forms the bedrock of totalitarian governments.
It is also in these masses that the solution must lie. For until there is a radical transformation in the educational process, that is according to Paulo Freire, until the potential intellectual in each of us is allowed to develop, the majority will continue to live as automatons. They will continue to accept things as they are, and since such an attitude allows others to manipulate the decision process in an easier way, feelings of insignificance and alienation will continue to breed. Consequently, those in power will tighten the ideological chains of unrestrained, economic competition until all the poets and bohemians have perished. The alternative is to create the world anew, without tension and filled with loving, working, spontaneous, and organic human beings. The choice is ours.
Pedagogy as a Means to Oppression
The point of departure for this essay will be the effect that educational pedagogy has on an individual's self-growth. One of the main tools utilised by the state to manipulate a passive mass culture is education. Students are programmed from early on to think that knowledge comes from outside sources rather than from within. Instead of emphasizing the individual's own contingent background and culture, many educators decide to focus on their own substantial accumulation of various and at times trivial information. This serves the status quo since critical awareness is replaced with a pedantic, authoritarian leaning. In reference to dialogue in Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Paulo Freire says,
... since dialogue is the encounter in which the united reflection and action
of the dialoguers are addressed to the world which is to be transformed and
humanized, this dialogue cannot be reduced to the act of one person's
"depositing" ideas in another. Nor can it become a simple exchange of ideas
to be "consumed" by the discussants. (2)
Whenever education is reduced to a transaction between what the teachers know and what the students don't know, the probability of attaining real knowledge is low. This banking concept creates a mythology of knowledge, that there are only a few who can be members of the intellectual elite. An individual teacher's greatest ability is her/his ability to inspire the children to being creative. With banking education that ability is distorted into a commodity which fuses the educational process to the status quo.
While the students learn to be passive in front of lecturers pumping information petrol into them, the world around them continues to become even more limiting and centralised. Conglomerates who buy up land and people send a clear message to the schools that their function is right and essential to the growth of the nation. While elsewhere in the corridors of the school, the pledge of allegiance can be heard. As the television rings out the last drip of creativity in the fragile eggshell mind of the child, Guinness and John Player Blue cigarettes pacify the older, presumably wiser grown-ups.
Everything around us becomes simplified, as the amount of money in your pocket each morning directly reflects your bargaining power and the quality of the day ahead. And while educators could become catalysts for the multiplication of critical thinkers, instead most contribute to the deadening of young minds. Consequently, naive thinkers who wish only to behave in so-called normal ways exist in such great numbers, that a mob mentality allowing for no one creative nor different has fully germinated. The only apparent option for those perceiving this situation - those who feel powerless to speak out against it or transform its anti-dialogical nature - is disillusionment.
The difference between humans and animals is that the former modify the world to humanise it and to become more. Animals, on the other hand, adapt to the world in order to survive. Beavers do produce dams and ants do have a complex work system. However, humans first construct their structure through cognition before putting it into practice. Animals, unlike people, do not separate themselves from their work. People do and they also reflect upon their work. Since humans have a history, they consequently have the responsibility to understand it and learn how to transform it.
Paulo Freire is not just interested in literacy, but most importantly in how to combine the understanding of words with an equal quality of awareness as to how words shape our behaviour. If words are believed to be property of only a few, then praxis will only derive from the minds of those few. If theory without praxis can be said to be meaningless, then it follows that praxis not flowing from the individual's contingent being will also be unsatisfactory.
Self-regulation means that each person working with an eye on their own self-growth and awareness contributes in their own uniqueness to the whole. Children told how to think and what to think obviously won't be able to transform the Earth into a peaceful one. As they grow older, their faith in the status quo will strengthen, since to deny this order after years of being told that 'this is how things are' - well, simply put, this would devastate that person.
In teaching literacy, Paulo Freire suggests that students not only learn words but also place them in the context of their own lives. Primers cannot aid this process because they are too simple and place words in meaningless situations. Simplistic phrases like 'the bird's wing' will not help anyone to perceive their own life system. On the other hand, when words such as slum, family, and state are critically investigated, the semantic relationship between the word and its significance is established.
If humanity is to transcend its 'culture of silence,' it must change education so that it serves students who are also knowing subjects. According to Freire, 'conscientization'
... refers to learning to perceive social, political, and economic
contradictions, and to take action against the oppressive elements
of reality. (3)
Primers cannot help anyone reach a higher consciousness because they emphasise too much the actual memorisation of words over how they can convey what life truly means and could become.
In part two of this introspection into the roots of fascism, we'll look into the work of Alice Miller and her concept of poisonous pedagogy.
Erich Fromm
Fear of Freedom (1)
Preface
Humanity has reached a critical point in history in which the choice between a blind submission to the status quo or a turn towards a utopian future will be made. At question is the concept of self-regulation and how it could best be put to praxis. The issue is whether society can work together as one with each citizen acting as a subject rather than as an object. If self-growth continues to be subverted by the interests of the machine, then hatred will fester and love will die.
Some would like us to believe that fascism was a fluke that has run dry, that Hitler, Stalin, and the like were evil monsters who individually almost derailed the great progress of reason and civilisation. That fascism cannot be reduced to the antics of single men alludes to the fact that it is the psychology of the masses that forms the bedrock of totalitarian governments.
It is also in these masses that the solution must lie. For until there is a radical transformation in the educational process, that is according to Paulo Freire, until the potential intellectual in each of us is allowed to develop, the majority will continue to live as automatons. They will continue to accept things as they are, and since such an attitude allows others to manipulate the decision process in an easier way, feelings of insignificance and alienation will continue to breed. Consequently, those in power will tighten the ideological chains of unrestrained, economic competition until all the poets and bohemians have perished. The alternative is to create the world anew, without tension and filled with loving, working, spontaneous, and organic human beings. The choice is ours.
Pedagogy as a Means to Oppression
The point of departure for this essay will be the effect that educational pedagogy has on an individual's self-growth. One of the main tools utilised by the state to manipulate a passive mass culture is education. Students are programmed from early on to think that knowledge comes from outside sources rather than from within. Instead of emphasizing the individual's own contingent background and culture, many educators decide to focus on their own substantial accumulation of various and at times trivial information. This serves the status quo since critical awareness is replaced with a pedantic, authoritarian leaning. In reference to dialogue in Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Paulo Freire says,
... since dialogue is the encounter in which the united reflection and action
of the dialoguers are addressed to the world which is to be transformed and
humanized, this dialogue cannot be reduced to the act of one person's
"depositing" ideas in another. Nor can it become a simple exchange of ideas
to be "consumed" by the discussants. (2)
Whenever education is reduced to a transaction between what the teachers know and what the students don't know, the probability of attaining real knowledge is low. This banking concept creates a mythology of knowledge, that there are only a few who can be members of the intellectual elite. An individual teacher's greatest ability is her/his ability to inspire the children to being creative. With banking education that ability is distorted into a commodity which fuses the educational process to the status quo.
While the students learn to be passive in front of lecturers pumping information petrol into them, the world around them continues to become even more limiting and centralised. Conglomerates who buy up land and people send a clear message to the schools that their function is right and essential to the growth of the nation. While elsewhere in the corridors of the school, the pledge of allegiance can be heard. As the television rings out the last drip of creativity in the fragile eggshell mind of the child, Guinness and John Player Blue cigarettes pacify the older, presumably wiser grown-ups.
Everything around us becomes simplified, as the amount of money in your pocket each morning directly reflects your bargaining power and the quality of the day ahead. And while educators could become catalysts for the multiplication of critical thinkers, instead most contribute to the deadening of young minds. Consequently, naive thinkers who wish only to behave in so-called normal ways exist in such great numbers, that a mob mentality allowing for no one creative nor different has fully germinated. The only apparent option for those perceiving this situation - those who feel powerless to speak out against it or transform its anti-dialogical nature - is disillusionment.
The difference between humans and animals is that the former modify the world to humanise it and to become more. Animals, on the other hand, adapt to the world in order to survive. Beavers do produce dams and ants do have a complex work system. However, humans first construct their structure through cognition before putting it into practice. Animals, unlike people, do not separate themselves from their work. People do and they also reflect upon their work. Since humans have a history, they consequently have the responsibility to understand it and learn how to transform it.
Paulo Freire is not just interested in literacy, but most importantly in how to combine the understanding of words with an equal quality of awareness as to how words shape our behaviour. If words are believed to be property of only a few, then praxis will only derive from the minds of those few. If theory without praxis can be said to be meaningless, then it follows that praxis not flowing from the individual's contingent being will also be unsatisfactory.
Self-regulation means that each person working with an eye on their own self-growth and awareness contributes in their own uniqueness to the whole. Children told how to think and what to think obviously won't be able to transform the Earth into a peaceful one. As they grow older, their faith in the status quo will strengthen, since to deny this order after years of being told that 'this is how things are' - well, simply put, this would devastate that person.
In teaching literacy, Paulo Freire suggests that students not only learn words but also place them in the context of their own lives. Primers cannot aid this process because they are too simple and place words in meaningless situations. Simplistic phrases like 'the bird's wing' will not help anyone to perceive their own life system. On the other hand, when words such as slum, family, and state are critically investigated, the semantic relationship between the word and its significance is established.
If humanity is to transcend its 'culture of silence,' it must change education so that it serves students who are also knowing subjects. According to Freire, 'conscientization'
... refers to learning to perceive social, political, and economic
contradictions, and to take action against the oppressive elements
of reality. (3)
Primers cannot help anyone reach a higher consciousness because they emphasise too much the actual memorisation of words over how they can convey what life truly means and could become.
In part two of this introspection into the roots of fascism, we'll look into the work of Alice Miller and her concept of poisonous pedagogy.
Monday, March 3, 2014
I'm Gonna Start Blogging Again Soon
click for larger view
The above is from the recent Snowden disclosures. I think this has been the most important release so far. We now have proof that disinfo agents are indeed all over the internet as the equivalent of modern day cointelpro.
The people at Pando are attacking Greenwald. They are turning it into a cottage industry. I am not a big fan of Greenie and indeed I credit (possible disinfo agent) donkeytale for opening my eyes about his schtick. The problem with Pando, however, is two-fold. For one, they don't seem too interested in the conspiracy fact that the internet is rigged. Secondly, their current beef with Greenwald is based on who funds The Intercept. Yet, if you take a closer look at Pando and who they are funded by and affiliated with, they are just as bad!
This basically boils down to two sets of elitist "progressives" competing for the same pool of "Security" commerce. This is in contrast to the Kimberlin Vs. Breitbart Cult nonsense. Those two sides are not in competition. The more the opposite side mentions the other, the more that fake story continues to grow. Since they are not competing for the same revenue, it's all good.
I think I've done fairly well with my Twitter incarnation. However, the structure of that social media is not user-friendly for either writers or readers. Blogs are.
This entry serves as an announcement that I am returning to regular blogging. This is not a love siren to donkeytale. It's been wonderful since we've parted ways. Nonetheless, he said something once which I believe nailed my schtick. He said, to paraphrase, I fight conspiracies with conspiracy theory. Well, to him it was more like I fight conspiracy theories with conspiracy theories. He never did give me much credit for being a social theorist. His implication seemed to be I am a kook.
That's easy for anonymous cowards to do. Since it has now been confirmed by NBC News and The Intercept that indeed the internet is rigged Hal Turner-style, I have been vindicated for my many years trying to get across that basic message.
But it's not about me. It's not about Paul Carr, Mark Ames, Glenn Greenwald, or the elitist pigs funding both sides of irrelevant, internet drama. I am not saying there's nothing to learn from looking into that specific, inane battle. Yet, while all that stink up continues to fester, the main personalities on both sides continue to solidify their self-serving power and influence.
The internet zeitgeist should be focused on the actual Snowden documents but isn't. What's that line, the revolution will not be televised? Fine. Ok. Whatever. Something status quo shaking has still just been released. There is no going back. There is no way for the Military Industrial Complex to spin their way out of it. Obfuscating the significance of Snowden releases will only work short term. There is something called the big picture. There is something called slow and steady wins the race.
Under "Group" in the above screenshot is the phrase Conspiracy Stories. Hmmm. The Western governments are in a legitimation crisis. They spout of freedom, democracy, and ending terrorism. Unfortunately for them, it is also conspiracy fact that all their fascist maneuverings cannot change the truth that not one terrorist attack has been thwarted through internet cointelpro.
They continue to deny our constitutional right to freedom of speech and association. When busted, they simply push the convolution to even higher levels. They spin their state-sponsored terrorism into being nothing more than tinfoil voiced by nutters. The disinfo fucks forgot the projection alert.
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